The effective role of Arabic gum and/or vitamin E on kidney and liver injury induced by food flavor cinnamaldehyde in male albino rats.

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Chemistry in Blood Bank of Nile hospital HIO (Health Insurance Organization)

2 Prof of Histology & Histochemistry, Zoology Department ,Faculty of Women for (Art, Science & Education)

3 Prof of physiology, Zoology Department,Faculty of Women for (Art, Science & Education)

Abstract

Cinnamaldehyde (CNMA) as a food additive is present in low concentrations in human food.It iscommercially prepared by the condensation reaction of benzaldehyde and acetaldehyde and chemically related to toxicologically more active compounds. Accordinglyattempts have been undertaken to protect the body from such toxicity as Gum Arabic(GA) which is a natural productand Vitamin E(VE) as antioxidants.To meet this goal,sixty young adult male albino rats were used to study the therapeutic role of GA and/orVEon liver and kidneyinjury induced by overdose of CNMA.Sixty rats were divided intosixgroups each comprising 10 rats: Control group orally received distilled water,fifty CNMA  rats orally received dose 73.5 mg/kg b. wt. of CNMA dissolved in distilled water daily for 3 months then they were divided into:CNMA rats at zero time, CNMA group at 30 daysfollowedwithout any treatment for another 30 days as a recovery period,CNMA+GA therapeutic group orally administered GA at a dose 7.5 g/kg b. wt. daily for another 30 days,CNMA+VE therapeutic orally administered VE at a dose 1g/kg b. wt. daily for another 30 days,CNMA+mixture therapeutic group orally administered mixture of GA and VE at doses 7.5 g/kg b. wt. and 1g/kg b. wt. of GA and VE respectively daily for another 30 days.At the end of experimental period, biochemical, histological and molecular studieswere assessed. Biochemical analysis of serum showed thatinduction with CNMA without treatment revealed a significant decrease in total protein and albumin levels and a significant increase in urea, creatinine levels andserum alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) activities, where treatment with GA or VE or especially both of them revealed marked improvement in the previous biochemical parameters compared to normal control group.The antioxidant analysis revealed a decrease inglutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and an increase in malondialdhyde (MAD) in CNMA groups, while other groups showed reverse in antioxidant level toward the normal control group. These results were confirmed with kidney histological examination and comet testfor liver tissue. The study showed thatCNMA grouprevealed marked histological lesions particularly in cortical portion of kidney. The Malpighian corpuscles lost their characteristic normal configuration and exhibited clear features of damage. On the other hand, in CNMA group a strong elevation was realized in comet percent as compared with the control group.A considerable improvement was observed in the therapeutic groups. So, the present results 
clearly demonstrated the effective role of GA and VE against liver and kidney injury induced by CNMA.

Keywords

Journal of Scientific Research in Science
Volume 35, part 1
August 2018
Pages 58-75

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